Síndrome DRESS asociado a fenitoína: informe de caso / DRESS syndrome associated with phenytoin: case report

El síndrome DRESS es una reacción adversa dermatológica que puede presentarse debido a diversos medicamentos, y constituye uno de los diagnósticos más importantes por encima del síndrome de Stevens-Johnson. Se trata de un caso relacionado con una reacción adversa de muy baja frecuencia, que está documentada en la literatura científica, a varios medicamentos, entre ellos la fenitoína. Por lo mencionado, la publicación de estos casos resulta escasa y limitada. Las principales preocupaciones del paciente relacionadas con su cuadro clínico radicaban en el gran compromiso cutáneo que lo llevó a hospitalización, dolor e incomodidad, por el cual recurrió al manejo tópico generalizado con vaselina. Los hallazgos clínicos relevantes fueron: eosinofilia severa, ulceraciones cutáneas, hepatitis química y fiebre. Con los hallazgos del cuadro clínico y la evaluación de la escala RegiSCAR se hace el diagnóstico de síndrome DRESS inducido por fenitoína. Se suspende la fenitoína, se inicia levetiracetam y se administran corticosteroides y acetaminofén con evolución favorable. (AU)

DRESS syndrome is a dermatological adverse reaction can occur due to various medications, being one of the most important diagnoses above Steven-Johnson syndrome. This is a case related to a very low frequency adverse reaction that is documented in the scientific literature to several medicines among those, the phenytoin. Therefore, the publication of these cases is scarce and limited. The main concerns of the patients related to their clinical picture were due to the great cutaneous compromise that lead to hospitalization, pain and discomfort for which they resorted to generalized topical management with vaseline (petrolatum). Relevant clinical findings were severe eosinophilia, skin ulcerations, chemical hepatitis and fever. With clinical picture findings and evaluation of the RegiSCAR scale, the diagnosis of Phenytoin-induced DRESS syndrome is made. Phenytoin is discontinued, levetiracetam is started and corticosteroids and acetaminophen are administrated with favorable evolution. (AU)

Imported hepatopulmonary echinococcosis: first report of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (G1) in Bolivia

Abstract Hepatopulmonary hydatidosis in young children is a rare and atypical presentation of Echinococcus granulosus infection. We report the first case of cystic echinococcosis caused by a microvariant of E. granulosus sensu stricto. Chemotherapy and systemic corticoids were administered before curative surgery was performed. Recurrence was not observed for more than 24 months of follow-up.

Gastrointestinal nematode infections do not hinder the development of Simmental X Nellore crossbred calves raised with a nutritionally enhanced diet / Infecções por nematódeos gastrintestinais não prejudicam o desenvolvimento de bezerros Simental x Nelore criados em plano nutricional elevado

Abstract An evaluation was made of the effect of anthelmintic treatments on the performance of Simmental X Nellore crossbred calves before and after weaning. To this end, the calves were divided into three groups: (1) treated monthly with a low efficacy anthelmintic drug, ivermectin; (2) treated monthly with a highly effective anthelmintic drug, albendazole; and (3) untreated control group. All the groups in this experiment showed an average fecal egg count of less than 400 eggs per gram (EPG), and no clinical signs of parasitic gastroenteritis. The blood variables were within the normal range and no calf presented anemia. In most of the samplings, mean EPGs were significantly lower (P<0.05) in the group treated with albendazole. The calves received dietary supplementation before and after weaning, which enabled them to gain weight in every month of the experiment and reach a body weight of about 250 kg on the last sampling date, before turning one year old. The anthelmintic treatments did not affect body weight gain, leading to the conclusion that, when fed with suitable dietary supplements, Simmental X Nellore crossbred calves are not affected by gastrointestinal nematode parasites acquired by grazing.

Resumo O objetivo do experimento foi avaliar o efeito de tratamentos anti-helmínticos no desempenho de bezerros Simental x Nelore antes e após o desmame. Os bezerros foram alocados em três grupos: (1) tratado mensalmente com anti-helmínticos de baixa eficácia, ivermectina; (2) tratado mensalmente com anti-helmíntico de alta eficácia, albendazol e (3) controle não tratado. A média das contagens de ovos de nematoides durante o experimento foi inferior a 400 ovos por grama (OPG) em todos os grupos sem manifestação clínica de gastroenterite parasitária. As variáveis ​​sanguíneas mantiveram-se dentro dos limites de normalidade e nenhum bezerro apresentou anemia. Na maioria das coletas, as médias de OPG foram significativamente inferiores (P<0,05) no grupo tratado com albendazol. Os bezerros receberam suplementação antes e depois do desmame, o que lhes permitiu ganhar peso em todos os meses do experimento, atingindo peso corporal em torno de 250 kg, ao final do experimento, antes de completarem um ano de idade. Não houve efeito dos tratamentos anti-helmínticos no ganho em peso, o que permitiu concluir que bezerros Nelore x Simental não são afetados pelo parasitismo por nematoides gastrintestinais sob condições de pastejo, quando devidamente suplementados com concentrado.

Effect of Albendazole Treatment in an Experimental Model of Neurocysticercosis-Induced Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus is a major concern in neurocysticercosis (NCC), and its management is more challenging than that of hydrocephalus caused by other etiologies. Even though albendazole is a well-established drug for the treatment of NCC, the death of the parasites may worsen the clinical symptoms and eventually, deteriorate the course of hydrocephalus. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of treatment with albendazole on the course of hydrocephalus as well as on animal behavior in a ratmodel of NCC-induced hydrocephalus in order to verify whether the course of hydrocephalus and the animal behavior were changed. Ventricle volumes before and after treatment showed a slight but non-statistically significant difference (168.11 mm3 versus 184.98 mm3, p » 0.45). The distribution and location of the cysts were unaffected. In addition, the behavioral patterns before and after the treatment were not significantly different, as assessed by the open field test. On histologic assessment, mononuclear leukocyte infiltration was present in diverse sites, such as the perivascular and peri-ependymal regions, choroid plexus, and meningeal membranes. A positive correlation was found between the degree of ventricle enlargement and tissue damage. Further studies with long-term comparisons are required.

Microscopic alterations in Fasciola hepatica from sheep treated with albendazole / Alterações microscópicas em Fasciola hepatica de ovelhas tratadas com albendazol

Abstract Currently, albendazole is one of the most commonly used drugs because of its affordability. The objective was to evaluate the histopathology of Fasciola hepatica specimens. For this, the efficacy test was performed on sheep treated with albendazole at the dose recommended for F. hepatica, in which the helminths recovered at necropsy were counted and separated for histology. Spermatogenic cells from parasites recovered from treated and control sheep were examined by microscopy. The fecal egg-count reduction test revealed 97.06% efficacy of albendazole in the treatment of F. hepatica. Changes in testicular tubule cells started 48 hours after treatment and became evident within 72 hours, at which point it became difficult to identify cell types. Primary and secondary spermatogonia became increasingly rare and intercellular vacuolization was more evident. Signs of apoptosis, with pycnotic nuclei and evidence of keriorrexia were observed at all times. Cell debris was identified 96 hours after treatment. The results indicated that parasitic spermatogenesis was severely affected by albendazole and demonstrated the importance of the use of histopathology for the diagnosis of therapeutic efficacy in field strains.

Resumo Na atualidade, o albendazol é uma das drogas mais usadas devido à sua acessibilidade econômica. O objetivo foi avaliar a histopatologia dos espécimes de Fasciola hepatica. Para isso, foi realizado o teste de eficácia em ovinos tratados com albendazol na dose recomendada para Fasciola hepatica, no qual os helmintos recuperados em necropsia foram contabilizados e separados para histologia. As células espermatogênicas de parasitas recuperados de ovinos tratados e controle foram examinadas por microscopia. O teste de redução de ovos por grama de fezes revelou 97,06% de eficácia do albendazol no tratamento de F. hepatica. As alterações nas células dos túbulos testiculares iniciaram-se 48 horas após o tratamento e tornaram-se evidentes em 72 horas, altura em que tornou-se difícil identificar os tipos de células. As espermatogônias primárias e secundárias tornaram-se cada vez mais raras e a vacuolização intercelular foi mais evidente. Sinais de apoptose, com núcleos picnóticos e evidência de cariorrexia foram observados em todos os momentos. Os detritos celulares foram identificados 96 horas após o tratamento. Os resultados indicaram que a espermatogênese parasitária foi severamente afetada pelo albendazol e demonstrou a importância do uso da histopatologia para o diagnóstico de eficácia terapêutica em cepas de campo.

Impact on prevalence of intestinal helminth infection in school children administered with seven annual rounds of diethyl carbamazine (DEC) with albendazole.

Background & objectives: One third of the world’s population is infected with one or more of the most common soil-transmitted helminths (STH). Albendazole (ALB) is being administered with diethyl carbamazine (DEC) in filariasis endemic areas to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (LF) and helminth infections. In this study, the cumulative impact of seven annual rounds of mass drug administrations (MDA) of DEC and ALB on STH infection in school children in selected villages in southern India was determined. Methods: During 2001-2010, seven MDAs were implemented by the Tamil Nadu state health department, India. LF and STH infections were monitored in school children from 18 villages of the two treatment arms (viz, DEC alone and DEC+ALB). Kato-Katz cellophane quantitative thick smear technique was employed to estimate STH infections at three weeks, six months and one year post MDA. Results: Prior to treatment, an overall STH prevalence was 60 per cent. After each MDA, infection markedly reduced at three weeks post-treatment in both the arms. The prevalence increased at six months period, which was maintained up to one year. After seven rounds of MDA, the infection reduced from 60.44 to 12.48 per cent in DEC+ALB arm; while the reduction was negligible in DEC alone arm (58.77 to 52.70%). Interpretation & conclusions: Seven rounds of MDA with DEC+ALB reduced the infection load significantly, and further sustained low level of infection for 10 years. However, complete parasite elimination could not be achieved. To curtail STH infection in the community, MDA should be regularized and environmental sanitation measures need to be improved by effective community-based campaigns.

Strongyloidiasis in a Diabetic Patient Accompanied by Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor: Cause of Eosinophilia Unresponsive to Steroid Therapy

We report here a case of strongyloidiasis in a 72-year-old diabetic patient (woman) accompanied by gastrointestinal stromal tumor receiving imatinib therapy, first diagnosed as hypereosinophilic syndrome and treated with steroids for uncontrolled eosinophilia. She suffered from lower back pain and intermittent abdominal discomfort with nausea and diagnosed with gastrointestinal stromal tumor. After post-operative imatinib treatment eosinophilia persisted, so that steroid therapy was started under an impression of hypereosinophilic syndrome. In spite of 6 months steroid therapy, eosinophilia persisted. Stool examination was performed to rule out intestinal helminth infections. Rhabditoid larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis were detected and the patient was diagnosed as strongyloidiasis. This diagnosis was confirmed again by PCR. The patient was treated with albendazole for 14 days and her abdominal pain and diarrhea improved. This case highlights the need for thorough investigation, including molecular approaches, to test for strongyloidiasis before and during steroid therapies.

A Case of Ocular Toxocariasis Successfully Treated with Albendazole and Triamcinolon

We present a case of ocular toxocariasis treated successfully with oral albendazole in combination with steroids. A 26-year-old male visited the authors' clinic with the chief complaint of flying flies in his right eye. The fundus photograph showed a whitish epiretinal scar, and the fluorescein angiography revealed a hypofluorescein lesion of the scar and late leakage at the margin. An elevated retinal surface and posterior acoustic shadowing of the scar were observed in the optical coherence tomography, and Toxocara IgG was positive. The patient was diagnosed with toxocariasis, and the condition was treated with albendazole (400 mg twice a day) for a month and oral triamcinolone (16 mg for 2 weeks, once a day, and then 8 mg for 1 week, once a day) from day 13 of the albendazole treatment. The lesions decreased after the treatment. Based on this study, oral albendazole combined with steroids can be a simple and effective regimen for treating ocular toxocariasis.

Eficacia del Albendazol en dosis única sobre las infecciones por helmintos transmitidos por el suelo en escolares de una comunidad de Iquitos, Perú / Efficacy of a single dose of Albendazole for soil-transmitted helminth infections in school children of a village in Iquitos, Perú

Objetivos. Determinar la eficacia en dosis única del albendazol sobre las infecciones por helmintos transmitidos por el suelo (HTS) en escolares de una comunidad de la ciudad de Iquitos en Perú. Materiales y métodos. Dentro del contexto de un ensayo controlado aleatorizado realizado en una comunidad periurbana de escasos recursos, situada en Iquitos, en la Amazonía de Perú, se obtuvieron muestras de heces de escolares del quinto grado de primaria en 18 escuelas y se analizó la prevalencia y la intensidad de HTS. Un total de 1193 escolares fueron desparasitados con albendazol en dosis única (400 mg). De los 909 escolares que fueron encontrados positivos con al menos una infección por HTS, una muestra aleatoria de 385 fue seguida dos semanas más tarde, cuando se recolectó y analizó una segunda muestra de heces. Resultados. La eficacia del albendazol fue satisfactoria para las infecciones por Ascaris lumbricoides con una tasa de reducción de huevos (TRH) de 99,8%; IC 95: 99,3-100 y por anquilostomideos con una TRH de 93,6%, IC 95%: 88,2-96,6 y por Trichuris trichiura con una TRH de 72,7%, IC 95: 58,5-79,1. Conclusiones. Estos resultados son indicativos de niveles satisfactorios de eficacia y son congruentes con datos publicados sobre la eficacia del albendazol y directivas de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Futuras investigaciones deben centrarse en mejorar la eficacia de las estrategias de tratamiento para la infección por Trichuris trichiura.

Objectives. To determine the efficacy of single-dose albendazole (400 mg) for soil-transmitted helminth infections (STH) in schoolchildren living in one community of the city of Iquitos, Perú. Materials and methods. Within the context of a randomized controlled trial performed in a peri-urban community of limited resources located in Iquitos in the Peruvian Amazon, stool specimens were collected from Grade 5 schoolchildren in 18 schools and analysed for STH prevalence and intensity. A total of 1,193 school-age children were then dewormed with single-dose albendazole (400 mg). Of the 909 children who were found positive with at least one STH infection, a random sample of 385 was followed two weeks later when a second stool specimen was collected and analyzed. Results. The efficacy of albendazole was satisfactory: for Ascaris lumbricoides , with an egg reduction rate (ERR) of 99.8%; (95% CI: 99.3-100); for hookworm, with an ERR of 93.6 %; (95% CI: 88.2-96.6) and, for Trichuris trichiura, with an ERR of 72.7 %; (95% CI: 58.5-79.1). Conclusions. These results are consistent with previous data published on the efficacy of albendazole and the directives of the World Health Organization. Future research should focus on improving the efficacy of the treatment strategies for Trichuris trichiura infection.

Opportunistic Strongyloides Stercoralis Infection in an Immunocompromised Patient.

Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode that infects human percutaneously and has a complex life cycle including a direct, an autoinfective and a non-parasitic freeliving developmental cycle. Strongyloidiasis has a worldwide distribution, and usually causes mild or asymptomatic infection. However hyperinfection syndrome can cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised states such as malignancy, HIV infection, or immunosuppressive agent administration. We report a case of a 37-year old male HIV positive patient admitted in male medical ward, RIMS with severe diarrhoea, pain abdomen, generalized weakness and history of diarrhoea off and on for past one month. His CD4+ T- lymphocyte count was 116 cell/microlitre and the patient was on antiretroviral therapy. Stool examination reveals larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis. Stool culture was negative for pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Special staining for detection of intestinal coccidian parasites and microsporidiosis was also negative .The patient was successfully treated with combined therapy of albendazole(400mg) and ivermectin(6mg) daily for 3days.

Neurocisticercosis con lesiones cerebrales únicas. Presentación de dos casos documentados por Resonancia Magnética y revisión de la literatura / Neurocysticercosis with single brain lesions. Report of two cases documented by Magnetic Resonance Imaging and literature review

La neurocisticercosis (NCC) es una infección del sistema nervioso central (SNC) originada por el estadio larvario de Taenia solium. Esta importante parasitosis es la causa más frecuente de epilepsia adquirida del adulto.Las manifestaciones clínicas más comunes de las formas parenquimatosas son la cefalea y las convulsiones,mientras que las formas extraparenquimatosas suelen presentarse con hidrocefalia. En este aspecto, es importante destacar que las manifestaciones clínicas de la enfermedad son el resultado de la muerte de la larva del cestodo y de la reacción inflamatoria perilesional que se produce en el SNC. El diagnóstico de NCC se basa en la epidemiología, las manifestaciones clínicas, los hallazgos de las neuroimágenes y la serología, y su tratamiento incluye el uso de fármacos antiepilépticos, corticoesteroides y drogas antiparasitarias, como el albendazol o el praziquantel. En este trabajo se describen dos casos de neurocisticercosis parenquimatosa con lesiones únicas que se manifestaron con cefalea y convulsiones...

Human intestinal capillariasis: A rare case report from non-endemic area (Andhra Pradesh, India).

Human intestinal capillariasis is caused by Capillaria philippinensis. This disease is endemic in Philippines and Thailand. To the best of our knowledge, we report the third case of human intestinal capillariasis from India and the first case from Andhra Pradesh, which is a non-endemic area. A 40-year-old female presented with diarrhoea, vomiting, decreased urinary output, ascitis, pedal oedema, hypoalbuminemia, and electrolyte imbalance. Microscopic examination of stool sample revealed the presence of ova, larvae, and adult worms of C. philippinensis. Patient recovered from the disease after taking albendazole 400 mg daily for 1 month along with supportive treatment.

Evaluation of a binary carrier system for the dissolution enhancement of a high dose poorly soluble drug

The role of two surface active carriers, Gelucire[registered] 44/14 and Lutrol[registered] F127, for improvement of solubility and dissolution of the high-dose, poorly water-soluble drug, albendazole, using solid dispersion approach was evaluated. The solubility of albendazole in solutions of the studied carriers and binary mixtures showed improvement, with solutions containing higher percentages of Lutrol[registered] F127 as best solvents. Albendazole was then incorporated in matrices made of either carrier alone or mixtures of the two carriers at different ratios using a melting procedure. The resulting particles were compressed into tablets. In vitro dissolution of particles and tablets showed fast dissolution. Increased wettability of albendazole by the carriers and formation of partial solid solutions of it in the carrier system were shown to be the mechanisms of the improvement in its dissolution

An Indigenous Case of Intestinal Capillariasis with Protein-Losing Enteropathy in Korea

We encountered an indigenous case of intestinal capillariasis with protein-losing enteropathy in the Republic of Korea. A 37-year-old man, residing in Sacheon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, admitted to the Gyeongsang National University Hospital (GNUH) due to long-lasting diarrhea, abdominal pain, anasarca, and weight loss. He recalled that he frequently ate raw fish, especially the common blackish goby (Acanthogobius flavimanus) and has never been abroad. Under the suspicion of protein-losing enteropathy, he received various kinds of medical examinations, and was diagnosed as intestinal capillariasis based on characteristic sectional findings of nematode worms in the biopsied small intestine. Adults, juvenile worms, and eggs were also detected in the diarrheic stools collected before and after medication. The clinical symptoms became much better after treatment with albendazole 400 mg daily for 3 days, and all findings were in normal range in laboratory examinations performed after 1 month. The present study is the 6th Korean case of intestinal capillariasis and the 3rd indigenous one in the Republic of Korea.

Microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis in an immunocompetent patient with a past history of laser in situ keratomilieusis surgery.

Ocular infection with microsporidia has been documented in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. Sources and mode of human infection with microsporidia have been difficult to ascertain although exposure to water may be an important risk factor. Of four genera that have been reported in human disease, only the genera Nosema, Encephalitozoon and Septata are documented to cause ocular infection. Here, in our case a healthy 30-year-old man who had undergone bilateral laser in situ keratomilieusis surgery two and half years back presented with a 10-day history of redness and 4-day history of blurring of vision in the right eye. On presentation, his best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 partial in both eyes. Slit lamp examination revealed multiple pin head shaped infiltrates in the right cornea. Examination of the left eye was unremarkable. Based on microscopic demonstration of numerous microsporidial spores in the corneal scrapings, a diagnosis of microsporidial keratitoconjunctivitis was made. On treatment with oral albendazole, the cornea became clear with complete resolution of symptoms and signs within two weeks.

Albendazole sulphoxide administered prior to mating andits relation with fertilization and mouse embryo development / Albendazol sulfóxido administrado previo al apareamiento y su relación con la fertilización y el desarrollo embrionario de ratón

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of albendazole sulphoxide (ABZSO) administered to Balb C mice prior to mating on fertilization rate and preimplantational embryo development. Twenty four female mice 5-8 weeks of age were superovulated by intraperitoneal injection of 7.5 UI of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG, Novormon®, Laboratorios Syntex S.A., Argentina); 48 h later they received 10 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG, Profasi®, Laboratorios Serono, Méjico) and were paired with males of proven fertility. Females received 100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg of ABZSO orally at the time of hCG administration, prior to mating. The control group received carboxymethylcellulose, vehicle used to prepare the drug suspension. Pregnant females were killed by cervical dislocation at day 4 of pregnancy and non fertilized oocyte and embryos were flushed from uteri. The possible effects of ABZSO were evaluated considering the fertilization rate, the total number of collected embryos per female; the percentage of embryos morphologically normal; the differentiation rate (determined by the relation between the number of blastocyst and the total of morphologically normal embryos) and the cleavage rate determined by counting the nuclei. The variables were analyzed on a per litter basis using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The fertilization rate was lower in females administered ABZSO at a dose of 200 mg/kg (P<0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were found in the embryonic parameters after the administration of 100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg of ABZSO compared to the untreated control group (P>0.05). In conclusion, a single acute exposure to ABZSO prior to mating at around the time of fertilization at a dose higher than the one usually administered in human and veterinary medicine affects the fertilization rate but it has no adverse effects on early embryo development.

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de albendazol sulfóxido (ABZSO) administrado a ratonas Balb C previo al apareamiento, sobre la tasa de fertilización y el desarrollo embrionario preimplantacional. Se utilizaron 24 hembras de 5 a 8 semanas de edad las que fueron inducidas a superovular por inyección intraperitoneal de 7,5 UI de gonadotrofina coriónica equina (eCG, Novormon®, Laboratorios Syntex S.A. Argentina) seguidas, 48 h más tarde por 10 UI de gonadotrofina coriónica humana (hCG, Profasi®, Laboratorios Serono, México). Al momento de recibir la dosis de hCG, fueron apareadas con machos de fertilidad probada. Las hembras fueron dosificadas oralmente con ABZSO disuelto en carboximetilcelulosa en dosis de 100 mg/kg (Grupo 100) y 200 mg/kg (Grupo 200) previo al apareamiento. El grupo control recibió carboximetilcelulosa. Las hembras preñadas fueron sacrificadas por dislocación cervical en el día 4 de preñez y se recolectaron ovocitos sin fertilizar y embriones preimplantacionales mediante el lavado de cuernos uterinos. Se determinó la tasa de fertilización, el número promedio de embriones recolectados por hembra, el porcentaje de embriones morfológicamente normales, el porcentaje de diferenciación y la velocidad de clivaje estimada por recuento de núcleos. Las variables fueron analizadas sobre la base de la camada utilizando el test de Kruskal-Wallis. La tasa de fertilización resultó menor para hembras que recibieron albendazol sulfóxido a razón de 200 mg/kg de peso (P<0,05); no obstante, no se observaron diferencias significativas en los parámetros embrionarios luego de la administración de 100 mg/kg ó 200 mg/kg de ABZSO comparado con el grupo control (P>0,05). En conclusión, la exposición aguda de ABZSO realizada previo al apareamiento a una dosis mayor de aquella utilizada en medicina humana y veterinaria afecta la tasa de fertilización pero no muestra efectos adversos sobre el desarrollo embrionario temprano.

Tratamiento laparoscópico del quiste hidatídico hepático / Laparoscopic treatment of liver hydatid cysts

Background: Laparoscopic surgery is emerging as a useful alternative for the treatment of liver hydatid cysts. Aim: To report technical data, management protocols, costs and results of laparoscopic management of liver hydatid cysts. Material and Methods: Prospective analysis of 31 patients aged 5 to 73 years (17 females), with 40 cysts, operated between 2006 and 2009. All patients received albendazol for 15 days prior to surgery and for 2 months afterwards. Surgical technique consisted in the evacuation of parasite membrane, partial excision of prominent pericystic membrane and suture of biliary communications. Results: Sixty nine percent of cysts were uni-vesicular, 74 percent were unique and 68 percent were located in the right lobe. Surgical time was 80 min. Two patients were converted to open surgery and 24 percent had postoperative complications. Mean hospital stay was six days. Patients were followed for 28 months and in 4 percent the cyst relapsed. No patient died. The mean cost of laparoscopic treatment was US$ 2.107. Conclusions: Laparoscopic technique is a useful surgical alternative for the treatment of liver hydatid cysts.

El objetivo es mostrar los detalles técnicos, protocolo de manejo, costos y resultados del tratamiento laparoscópico de quiste hidatídico hepático (QHH). Se presenta un análisis prospectivo y descriptivo de una serie de 31 casos consecutivos de pacientes portadores de QHH operados entre enero de 2006 y enero de 2009, en el Hospital Regional de Coyhaique. Se incluye a todos los pacientes portadores de QHH tipo I, III, los tipo II y IV sintomáticos, menores a 5 cms según la clasificación de la OmS. Previo a la realización de la cirugía se les indicó 15 días de Albendazol y 2 meses en el post-operatorio. La técnica quirúrgica empleada consistió en la evacuación de la membrana parasitaria, resección parcial de la periquística prominente y sutura de las comunicaciones biliares. Siempre se utilizó drenaje. Los 31 pacientes presentaron 40 quistes, 17 de las cuales fueron mujeres, con un promedio de edad de 37 años. El estudio radiológico reveló que el 68,6 de ellos correspondió a quistes univesiculares, siendo únicos en el 74 por ciento, localizados principalmente en el lóbulo hepático derecho (68 por ciento). El tiempo quirúrgico alcanzó a los 79,83 minutos. Hubo dos conversiones (6,45 por ciento), la morbilidad alcanzó al 24 por ciento. La estadía promedio fue de 6 días. El período de seguimiento fue de 28 meses, con una recidiva de 3,5 por ciento. No hubo mortalidad en esta serie. El costo del tratamiento laparoscópico del QHH promedió los US 2.107. Creemos que la técnica laparoscópica, aplicada con criterio selectivo, es una alternativa útil para el tratamiento de pacientes con hidatidosis hepática, pues sus resultados son comparables a los existentes con cirugía abierta.

Efecto del albendazol en ratas long evans gestantes e infectadas con T. spiralis / Albendazol effect in Long Evans Rats pregnant and infected with T. spiralis

El Albendazol es el antihelmíntico de primera elección para varias parasitosis, entre ellas la Trichinellosis, sin embargo, el tiempo de tratamiento debe ser por periodos prolongados. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar el efecto de este medicamento sobre ratas Long Evans gestantes e infectadas con T. spiralis. Se sincronizaron las ratas para gestarlas e infectarlas, el tratamiento fue de uno a catorce días, se utilizó la técnica de Hematoxilina-Eosina para evaluar el efecto sobre el hígado y el aparato reproductor, se determino el número de crías por tratamiento y las características de las crías obtenidas, los resultados indican una degeneración de los tejidos conforme aumenta el tiempo de tratamiento además se observa que el numero de crías es afectado directamente al aumentar el tiempo de tratamiento

The Albendazol is the antihelmintic of first election for several parasitism, among them trichinellosis, nevertheless, the time of treatment must be per prolonged periods. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of this medicine on Long rats Evans pregnant and infected with T. spiralis. We synchronize the rats to develop them and to infect them, the treatment went of one to fourteen days, used the Hematoxilina-Eosin technique to verify the effect on the liver and the reproductive apparatus and verified the number of young for each treatment and if correspondence between the obtained characteristics of the reproductive apparatus and young existed, the results indicate a degeneration of weaves as increases the time of treatment in addition is observed that I number of young is directly affected when increasing the treatment